We have only ten years to act on climate! Four years ago we only had ten years to act! Ten years ago we only had ten years to act! Twenty years ago, the same!
This is very poor messaging, even though in a sense it is true.
Let me try to explain how this could be true in some sense. Then maybe we can consider how to say this better.
Different processes have different time constants. Suppose you are driving on an isolated mountain road and find yourself low on gas. This is an urgent concern. If you don't come across some fuel in the next hour or so you will be stranded. Then you go round a bend and see a truck barreling down toward you straddling the center line. This is an urgent concern, and you have three seconds to figure out what to do about it. See how the urgency is related to the problem?
The earth is a much larger system than those of our mundane concerns. Larger systems tend to have longer time constants associated with them. Remember how LONG it took for the World Trade Towers to actually fall? That's mostly because they are much larger than things we ordinarily see falling. To the earth, ten years is an instant. Much less than ten years doesn't really allow for a significant change in greenhouse gas concentrations. The climate, at least in its ordinary state, usually takes about thirty years to wander through its ordinary configurations. By ten years, in geophysical sense, we essentially mean "really really fast" though in political contexts it seems like eons.
In 1992, the world agreed that it was necessary to start getting a handle on CO2 emissions soon, such that they did not rise much over 1992 levels and returned to those levels by 2010. Had we achieved that, there would be substantially less carbon in the atmosphere now, and substantially less draconian cuts needed. 1992 was pretty much the last minute to deal with the problem cheaply and at modest risk.
Each decade that passes has increased the risk and the steepness of how fast the risk rises over time, especially given that our actual performance has been so far off what we agreed we needed to do. So we are now to the point that we need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (especially CO2 and methane) as quickly as is feasible. Here feasibility is set by the sunk costs in existing infrastructure. As quickly as is feasible amounts to abandoning carbon emitting infrastructure in favor of other infrastructure whenever possible, and adding no new capacity.
Drill noplace, drill never!
It's incredibly counterintuitive to say this in Texas. It really is seen as close to insane. I understand this. I have friends and acquaintances for whom the spigot just turned on. I have a hard time wishing their good fortune to end.
And I understand that we still have all that automotive infrastructure to feed at the least, and the existing supplies won't last forty years, so, well, so it's hard to say exactly what activities to stop when. This is why we need to think quantitatively and collectively. And nobody with any stake in the fossil fuels will welcome such collective wisdom, I promise you that!
So we're stuck where we are, in a great hurry and caught like deer in headlights, if you'll pardon the cliche, motionless, paralyzed.
Yet we only have ten years to act. Ten years until what? That's the question.
Until the costs get esubstantially higher and the risks get substantially worse. It's always ten years. And that's longer than an election cycle. And so nothing gets done.
"We only have ten years to act" will remain true until we act, or until our inaction does us in, whichever comes first. But it sounds bogus and incoherent and inconsistent, just the same. We need another way of putting this.
The Rolling Urgency Paradox
Other Posts by Michael Tobis
Why They Are Called Numb-ers - October 7, 2011
The US Government Cannot Help the Climate - September 26, 2011
Nielsen-Gammon vs the New Normal - September 14, 2011
Burden of Proof - September 6, 2011
The Truth About the Truth About Greenhouse Gases - August 30, 2011
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David Lewis said:
Schellnhuber was in Australia recently, to deliver a speech to a climate conference there. He landed in the middle of an intense national debate over the carbon tax the government just introduced. "Its a carbon circus here" he said.
He dealt with your topic, i.e. how to explain that our opportunity to limit the effects of climate change to something civilization can deal with is rapidly slipping away, in this way, when interviewed by Peter Mares of the Australian Broadcasting Corp's "National Interest" radio show:
Hans Joachim Schellnhuber: Oh, it's in the end a fairly simple thing. We can calculate in spite of all the vagaries, intricacies, non-linearities of the climate system, that in the end the global warming we will get over a certain period of time—say till 2050—is just a function, just depends on the cumulative emissions we will have, CO2 over time...
Peter Mares: So how much carbon dioxide there is in the atmosphere.
Hans Joachim Schellnhuber: And that means that we have a certain carbon credit with nature, as humanity, as Australia, as Germany and so on, and we need to spend it in a wise way. What we find out is if we would do nothing about emission reductions, that means we would in a sense spend all our carbon credit already now then after 2020 we would have to reduce emissions globally by around 10 per cent per year. And that is strictly unfeasible; you cannot do it because of the economics of the system and so on.
Peter Mares: So the idea of cutting our emissions by 10 per cent per year; I mean, that would just be massive upheaval in the whole economic system.
Hans Joachim Schellnhuber: That would be two Kyoto Protocols per year and the Kyoto Protocol was never delivered, so this is just a fantasy. So it means you have to start to take the pains. Every year you have to spend the budget in a right way. So if people say let's delay action again till 2020 and then start thinking about when the train has already left the station, that's it, huh? It's sheer practical and economic feasibility which tells us we have to act in this very decade.
Peter Mares: And even then, we will still—even if we can peak global emissions by 2020—even then we'll still have to be cutting them by, what, two or three per cent a year?
Hans Joachim Schellnhuber: More than three per cent per year.
Peter Mares: Which is, in itself, a massive task.
Hans Joachim Schellnhuber: Yeah, but that is the second criticality. I mean, we can hope to achieve that because we can hope for acceleration effects and that is the other reason why we should start as early as possible. I mean, if you establish innovation in your national grid, for example; if you try to manage consumer demand of electricity or you go to all types of smart techniques, it takes a while until this pays off—it's always with an upfront investment. So again we should try to keep the reduction rates feasible, but also do all the necessary investment as soon as possible in order to harvest all the benefits from that. We can hope towards the end of that period, say in the... around 2040, that it will become much, much easier because of technological innovation and behaviour innovation; that we will even reduce by five per cent.
But the other way round, no way.
Peter Mares: Professor Schellnhuber, thank you for joining me in The National Interest.
The complete interview, audio and transcript is available here
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Scott Edward Anderson is a consultant, blogger, and media commentator who blogs at The Green Skeptic. More »
Marc Gunther is a writer, speaker and consultant, who focuses on business and the environment. More »
Christine Hertzog is a consultant, author, and a professional explainer focused on Smart Grid. More »
Jesse Jenkins is the director of energy and climate policy at the Breakthrough Institute. More »
Robert Rapier works in the energy industry and writes and speaks about energy and the environment. More »
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